[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":384},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fgukOamtKU1RtUiMFsqdObttmqPPQz0uc7bl_gj_LyX0":3,"$fUmHH6GJxs5mpny_et4r5Bvc7JCbvAbLePUl7p8CLN5g":245,"article-174":383},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"",{"category":7,"tag":11,"popular":19,"latest":86,"banner":126,"list":151,"cache":244},[8,9,10],"Agent","OpenAI","LLM",[8,12,13,14,9,10,15,16,17,18],"Google","Nvidia","Claude","DeepSeek","OCR","Chat","Generator",[20,29,37,45,54,62,70,79],{"id":21,"publish_date":22,"is_original":23,"collection":5,"cover_url":24,"cover_url_1_1":25,"title":26,"summary":27,"author":28},411,"2023-09-10",1,"article_res/cover/451ef50c225a8dc61c4336506794d13b.jpeg","article_res/cover/3ba9dc7a72f87d40b20fc2d225289ee3.jpeg","Idealism","Reality is created by the mind, we can change our reality by changing our mind. - Plato","Renee's Entrepreneurial Journey",{"id":30,"publish_date":31,"is_original":23,"collection":32,"cover_url":33,"cover_url_1_1":34,"title":35,"summary":36,"author":28},108,"2024-12-07","#LLM #AGI #AI Agent","article_res/cover/0039044422e4ec9f61c18e8ee1693bb0.jpeg","article_res/cover/4220971b108a91d21407d87bb02fbaa6.jpeg","Freysa.ai: The World's First Adversarial AI Agent Game","说服 Freysa 把钱包里的钱都拿出来",{"id":38,"publish_date":39,"is_original":23,"collection":40,"cover_url":41,"cover_url_1_1":42,"title":43,"summary":44,"author":28},12,"2025-03-09","#Oxford #Reasoning #LLM #Tool Use","article_res/cover/d448e9b3617a0b5302e1bd10c438bca9.jpeg","article_res/cover/864a468f9cc4c9317efadb3811909888.jpeg","Agentic Reasoning Framework - Significantly enhance the reasoning ability of LLMs through the integration of external tools using agents","Agentic Reasoning: Reasoning LLMs with Tools for Deep Research",{"id":46,"publish_date":47,"is_original":4,"collection":48,"cover_url":49,"cover_url_1_1":50,"title":51,"summary":52,"author":53},480,"2023-04-14","#Stable Diffusion","article_res/cover/0bdbe7cb1de4a78e54536e5d9afa7ec9.jpeg","article_res/cover/b3d6ffec0608dcfaf18c5a69906d1490.jpeg","【AIGC Learning】Generate Prompts Using Word Graphs - Stable Diffusion Web UI Series 13","AI will become a powerful tool in education, transforming the way we learn and deliver instruction.  \n- Reid Hoffman","--",{"id":55,"publish_date":56,"is_original":4,"collection":57,"cover_url":58,"cover_url_1_1":59,"title":60,"summary":61,"author":28},413,"2023-09-08","#Neuroscience","article_res/cover/74f8302d78a23d9430f22171eae136b6.jpeg","article_res/cover/87ca08af81bb304746be5261160964c0.jpeg","Can machines be conscious?","Do we have an ethical obligation to not turn off conscious machines? Would turning them off be murder? No. I don't lose any sleep over unplugging a conscious machine.\n- Jeff Hawkins, \"A Thousand Brains\"",{"id":63,"publish_date":64,"is_original":23,"collection":65,"cover_url":66,"cover_url_1_1":67,"title":68,"summary":69,"author":28},178,"2024-09-09","#Entrepreneurship","article_res/cover/a7224f025b55d1820408085faef63079.jpeg","article_res/cover/11a9995b096cbf64465ef01b8673b154.jpeg","37signals company","This damn sense of relaxation",{"id":71,"publish_date":72,"is_original":4,"collection":73,"cover_url":74,"cover_url_1_1":75,"title":76,"summary":77,"author":78},460,"2023-05-12","#Google","article_res/cover/b970687b12faa52da976f91248c2aa7b.jpeg","article_res/cover/d1e71b52cfd2c63bc6e71f3e85ff135c.jpeg","Learn what BRC-20 and Ordinals are using Google Bard","Ordinals - a new protocol that allows users to store arbitrary data on the Bitcoin blockchain","Google Bard mainly writes",{"id":80,"publish_date":81,"is_original":23,"collection":5,"cover_url":82,"cover_url_1_1":83,"title":84,"summary":85,"author":28},309,"2024-03-26","article_res/cover/9877f95894ee88532d0e6012c23a2df3.jpeg","article_res/cover/20092164ddc109ce6ae56b1984246751.jpeg","Learning the Cancun Upgrade with lepton and perplexity","Building a quick conversation-based search demo with Lepton AI.",[87,95,103,111,119],{"id":88,"publish_date":89,"is_original":23,"collection":90,"cover_url":91,"cover_url_1_1":92,"title":93,"summary":94,"author":28},627,"2025-03-20","#AI Avatar #AI Video Generation","article_res/cover/d95481358f73924989f8c4ee9c75d1c8.jpeg","article_res/cover/b74bc0fab01f8b6a6aa87696c0c3ed8b.jpeg","DisPose: Generating Animated Videos by Driving Video with Reference Images","DisPose is a controllable human image animation method that enhances video generation.",{"id":96,"publish_date":97,"is_original":23,"collection":98,"cover_url":99,"cover_url_1_1":100,"title":101,"summary":102,"author":28},626,"2025-03-21","#Deep Dive into LLMs #LLM #RL #Andrej Karpathy #AlphaGo","article_res/cover/446553a5c8f8f2f07d97b20eaee84e56.jpeg","article_res/cover/e6c2823409c9b34624064b9acbaca6f1.jpeg","AlphaGo and the Power of Reinforcement Learning - Andrej Karpathy's Deep Dive on LLMs (Part 9)","Simply learning from humans will never surpass human capabilities.",{"id":104,"publish_date":105,"is_original":23,"collection":106,"cover_url":107,"cover_url_1_1":108,"title":109,"summary":110,"author":28},625,"2025-03-22","#Deep Dive into LLMs #LLM #RL #RLHF #Andrej Karpathy","article_res/cover/8da81d38b1e5cf558a164710fd8a5389.jpeg","article_res/cover/96f028d76c362a99a0dd56389e8f7a9b.jpeg","Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) - Andrej Karpathy's Deep Dive on LLMs (Part 10)","Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferences",{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},624,"2025-03-23","#Deep Dive into LLMs #LLM #Andrej Karpathy #AI Agent #MMM","article_res/cover/a5e7c3d48bb09109684d6513287c661d.jpeg","article_res/cover/d3f22b7c0ab8d82fd2da457a299e0773.jpeg","The Future of Large Language Models - Andrej Karpathy's In-Depth Explanation of LLM (Part 11)","preview of things to come",{"id":120,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":121,"cover_url":122,"cover_url_1_1":123,"title":124,"summary":125,"author":28},623,"#Google #Voe #AI Video Generation","article_res/cover/c44062fea0f336c2b96b3928292392c2.jpeg","article_res/cover/a041041c69092ad3db191c5bf3ff981b.jpeg","Trial of Google's video generation model VOE2","Our state-of-the-art video generation model",[127,135,143],{"id":128,"publish_date":129,"is_original":23,"collection":130,"cover_url":131,"cover_url_1_1":132,"title":133,"summary":134,"author":28},300,"2024-04-16","#AI in Science #AGI","article_res/cover/6bf01e793e0f33e848572412eebdf9b0.jpeg","article_res/cover/91a5ee21dafecb914fabeb9430d46ec1.jpeg","Would Einstein lose his job - AI and Quantum Computing: A Glimpse into the Near Future","So Einstein's job is still safe.",{"id":136,"publish_date":137,"is_original":23,"collection":138,"cover_url":139,"cover_url_1_1":140,"title":141,"summary":142,"author":28},101,"2024-12-14","#Nvidia #AI 3D Generator","article_res/cover/693e07c85980c5c0c8fde3f037733f23.jpeg","article_res/cover/9ea8edff2d5d303ff3fffff3f6f9c3d9.jpeg","NVIDIA's open-source 3D project LLaMA-Mesh","LLaMA-Mesh: Unifying 3D Mesh Generation with Language Models",{"id":144,"publish_date":145,"is_original":23,"collection":146,"cover_url":147,"cover_url_1_1":148,"title":149,"summary":150,"author":28},131,"2024-11-10","#OpenAI","article_res/cover/87f8ed353ce39f31960e7cdfaf075a35.jpeg","article_res/cover/f597a63935f5cd32e484b4aadd6019e8.jpeg","ChatGPT has launched the Search function","Get fast, timely answers with links to relevant web sources.",{"big":152,"small":214},[153,181],{"title":154,"list":155},"AGENT",[156,157,165,173],{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},{"id":158,"publish_date":159,"is_original":23,"collection":160,"cover_url":161,"cover_url_1_1":162,"title":163,"summary":164,"author":28},622,"2025-03-24","#OWL #AI Agent #MAS #MCP #CUA","article_res/cover/cb50ca7f2bf4d1ed50202d7406e1c19a.jpeg","article_res/cover/4aa7aa3badfacf3cc84121334f1050dd.jpeg","OWL: Multi-agent collaboration","OWL: Optimized Workforce Learning for General Multi-Agent Assistance in Real-World Task Automation",{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},620,"2025-03-26","#LLM #Google #Gemini #AI Agent","article_res/cover/53751a6dbbe990b1eb0b63f3b062aed4.jpeg","article_res/cover/031344981f0a212ff82d1f3a64aa5756.jpeg","Gemini 2.5 Pro, claimed to be far ahead of the competition, has been released with great fanfare: comprehensively surpassing other LLMs and topping the global rankings","Gemini 2.5: Our most intelligent AI model",{"id":174,"publish_date":175,"is_original":23,"collection":176,"cover_url":177,"cover_url_1_1":178,"title":179,"summary":180,"author":28},616,"2025-03-29","#MAS #AI Agent #AI Coder #MetaGPT #MGX","article_res/cover/9dcd702ad2035902e5e77967c34a1f1e.jpeg","article_res/cover/0a97fc4a922753c8f46ff38792020df8.jpeg","MGX - An automated website-building platform composed of multiple AI Agents","Your 24/7 AI Team | Dream, Chat, Create.",{"title":182,"list":183},"OPENAI",[184,191,199,206],{"id":185,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":186,"cover_url":187,"cover_url_1_1":188,"title":189,"summary":190,"author":28},619,"#OpenAI #AI Image Generator #4o #MMM #AR Transformer","article_res/cover/2faffc97fcecf3151552cb0fd3206d89.jpeg","article_res/cover/1133cb4948af44cee2e7fbe79efb69e5.jpeg","The native image function of GPT-4o is officially launched","Introducing 4o Image Generation",{"id":192,"publish_date":193,"is_original":4,"collection":194,"cover_url":195,"cover_url_1_1":196,"title":197,"summary":198,"author":28},434,"2023-07-15","#Anthropic #OpenAI #Google #AI Code Generator #Claude","article_res/cover/e1b6f600a2b9f262a4392684e5f2ce25.jpeg","article_res/cover/6e1772e83f78f9a351ab23d3e414adee.jpeg","Latest Updates on Google Bard /Anthropic Claude2 / ChatGPT Code Interpreter","We want our models to use their programming skills to provide more natural interfaces to the basic functions of our computers.  \n - OpenAI",{"id":200,"publish_date":201,"is_original":4,"collection":146,"cover_url":202,"cover_url_1_1":203,"title":204,"summary":205,"author":28},417,"2023-08-24","article_res/cover/bccf897d50a88b18364e35f7466387e0.jpeg","article_res/cover/2f871085c1073717c1703ae86e18056f.jpeg","The GPT-3.5 Turbo fine-tuning (fine-tuning function) has been released～","Developers can now bring their own data to customize GPT-3.5 Turbo for their use cases.",{"id":207,"publish_date":208,"is_original":4,"collection":209,"cover_url":210,"cover_url_1_1":211,"title":212,"summary":213,"author":28},407,"2023-09-22","#OpenAI #AI Image Generator","article_res/cover/c59005e903d35cfc32346e2756e2728a.jpeg","article_res/cover/ba011d265e6d84b5c8cb6fd6b757b6cc.jpeg","Dall-E 3","DALL·E 3 understands significantly more nuance and detail, allowing you to easily translate your ideas into images.",[215,221,241],{"title":10,"list":216},[217,218,219,220],{"id":96,"publish_date":97,"is_original":23,"collection":98,"cover_url":99,"cover_url_1_1":100,"title":101,"summary":102,"author":28},{"id":104,"publish_date":105,"is_original":23,"collection":106,"cover_url":107,"cover_url_1_1":108,"title":109,"summary":110,"author":28},{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},{"title":222,"list":223},"GOOGLE",[224,225,226,234],{"id":120,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":121,"cover_url":122,"cover_url_1_1":123,"title":124,"summary":125,"author":28},{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},{"id":227,"publish_date":228,"is_original":23,"collection":229,"cover_url":230,"cover_url_1_1":231,"title":232,"summary":233,"author":28},615,"2025-03-30","#AI Researcher #AI Science #HKU #Google #AI Agent","article_res/cover/21fadf906067714bb0db31ae13a77c15.jpeg","article_res/cover/2697999a72bd26b22e85f0e92936d3ed.jpeg","AI-Researcher: LLM-driven全自动 scientific research assistant","AI-Researcher: Fully-Automated Scientific Discovery with LLM Agents  \nOpen-Sourced Alternative to Google AI Co-Scientist",{"id":235,"publish_date":236,"is_original":23,"collection":73,"cover_url":237,"cover_url_1_1":238,"title":239,"summary":240,"author":28},463,"2023-05-09","article_res/cover/89800f207723acdb55fc53bf999ebdc9.jpeg","article_res/cover/5764f369b4accd8f83e94aa4c077a175.jpeg","The Smallville sandbox world - A town with 25 virtual residents","Believable proxies of human behavior can empower interactive apps: Immersive environment, Rehearsal space, Prototyping tool",{"title":242,"list":243},"NVIDIA",[],true,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":246},{"id":247,"publish_date":248,"is_original":23,"collection":249,"articles_id":250,"cover_url":251,"cover_url_1_1":252,"title":253,"summary":254,"author":28,"content":255,"popular":256,"list":324,"category":381,"tag":382},174,"2024-09-18","#Elon Musk #All-In Summit 2024 #Nvidia","c0BQEGqCuHJKbf3fefjIWw","article_res/cover/f244d398c0ee0a7772cb9116263afbd1.jpeg","article_res/cover/802ee578f1e63ea0d375f95898f43d0d.jpeg","Elon Musk's Interview at All-In Summit 2024 (AI Section)","That's probably 80% likely, so look on the right side, only 20% probability of annihilation, nothing.","\u003Cdiv class=\"rich_media_content js_underline_content\n                       autoTypeSetting24psection\n            \" id=\"js_content\">\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Today, I listened to Elon Musk's interview at the All-In Summit 2024, especially the part about artificial intelligence (AI) left a deep impression on me. Coincidentally, I've been reading Yuval Noah Harari's \"Homo Deus,\" where Harari mentions many concerns about the future, particularly the potential social impacts of AI. However, Elon seems to have a more optimistic view of AI.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Castbox podcast link 🔗: https://castbox.fm/episode/id6075589-id735784004\u003C/p>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003Cimg class=\"rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg\" data-imgfileid=\"100006673\" data-ratio=\"0.5830903790087464\" data-s=\"300,640\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"686\" style=\"\" src=\"./assets/17423802341080.7951632273515934.png\">\u003C/p>\u003Cp style=\"margin-bottom: 13px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: 600;line-height: 22px;height: 22px;cursor: pointer;\">Part:\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: Do you have any ideas about the main application areas for AI? Will it be used in autonomous driving? Or for robotics? Or perhaps transforming entire industries? I think that currently, the significant impact of AI on business is still in its early stages. What are your thoughts on this?\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: I think it's undeniable that right now the spending on AI probably far exceeds the revenue. But the pace of advancement in AI is faster than any technology I've ever seen by a very significant margin. For example, the Turing Test used to be this benchmark, and now you can run an open-source random large language model on a Raspberry Pi, and it might pass the Turing Test. So, I think the good future with AI will lead to tremendous prosperity. It will be an era of abundant resources without shortages of goods and services, where everyone gets what they want except for things we artificially define as scarce, like certain artworks. But for any manufactured goods or provided services, I think with the progress of AI and robotics, the cost will approach zero. I'm not saying they'll be completely free, but the costs will be so low that almost everyone can have whatever they want. It's a great future. From my perspective, there's about an 80% chance of such a great future. There's a 20% chance it leads to destructive consequences.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: What does that 20% look like?\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: I don't know, honestly. I have to deliberately put aside my concerns about AI to sleep well. Even so, I think the real issue may be how we find meaning in a world where AI can do everything better than us. That might be the bigger challenge. However, more and more people are enjoying life after retirement, so maybe there will be a crisis of meaning in the future because computers can do everything we do better. But that might just be one challenge. In fact, what you need are terminal factors - autonomous cars and general-purpose humanoid robots. Once you have general-purpose humanoid robots and autonomous vehicles, you can actually build anything. I think the scale of the economy is actually unlimited. Obviously, the mass of the Earth is a limit, but the essence of the economy is the average productivity per person multiplied by the number of people. If you have humanoid robots and there's no practical limit to the number of humanoid robots, and they can work very intelligently, then there's no actual limit to the scale of the economy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: The Colossus you just launched is currently the largest private GPU computing cluster, right?\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Yes, it's the most powerful supercomputer of any type.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: This confirms what David and Peter said, that the economic value of AI today is almost entirely going to Nvidia. But there are some alternatives, and your company is an example because Dojo is mainly used for processing images and large amounts of video.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Yes, Tesla's problem is different from the issues with large language models; it requires a different kind of intelligence. As you mentioned earlier, Tesla’s challenge lies in its need to process very long context lengths. Our context data volume is extremely large. You know, Tesla's system has seven cameras, and if you have a few minutes of HD video, the data size is measured in GBs. So Tesla's problem is how to compress this massive context into truly important pixel data. Not only do you need to compress pixels in the spatial dimension, but also in the temporal dimension. Then, you must complete the inference on a relatively small computing device, such as Tesla's AI inference chip, which consumes only a few hundred watts. This inference chip is still the best available; we can't buy better ones from suppliers. Tesla's AI design team is excellent.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: But one day, perhaps other companies that need to process videos or images could use this excess computing power, making you a competitor to Nvidia, even though it wasn’t specifically intended.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Yes, right now we have two projects: Dojo is the training computer, and the other is the inference chip we use in every car. Currently, we only have Dojo 1, but by the end of next year, we should be able to roll out Dojo 2 at scale. We believe Dojo 2 will perform comparably to B200-type training systems. In the future, it may also be offered as a service to other companies. Although my confidence in Dojo has increased, we might not truly know how good it is until Dojo 3. Generally speaking, technology needs three major iterations to reach an excellent level. We will only have our second major iteration next year. The third iteration might come around the end of 2026.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: How is the Optimus project progressing? I remember the last time we discussed it, you publicly mentioned that it was undergoing some lightweight testing within the factory, so it has already started to play a role. What about its material cost? For example, if it were mass-produced like the Model 3, and the production line could produce one million units per year, would its cost be $20,000, $30,000, or $40,000?\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: I’ve come to the conclusion that as long as you have a large enough production volume, the cost of anything asymptotically approaches the material cost. Of course, I should say some things are limited by intellectual property costs, like patent royalties, so a big chunk of the cost of chips is paying for the copyright and then the depreciation of the chip factory. But the marginal cost of chips is actually very low. Optimus is obviously humanoid robot, it's much lighter than a car and much smaller in volume. So you can expect that at high volumes, I would say... You probably need three more production versions of iteration. You need at least three major design improvements before you get to scale production of over a million units per year. And I think by that time, the labor and material cost of Optimus will not be more than ten thousand dollars.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: That could be a decade-long process.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Basically, you can think of Optimus as costing less than a compact car. So after three major technical iterations, when scaling up production, if a compact car costs twenty-five thousand dollars, Optimus might cost around twenty thousand dollars. It’s a humanoid robot that can serve you like R2D2 and C3PO. Honestly, I think people will become very dependent on their humanoid robots. Just like in Star Wars, everyone loves R2D2 and C3PO. They're great and have personalities. All R2D2 can do is beep, it can't speak English, and C3PO translates those beeps.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: If you iterate every two to three years, it might take a decade to reach scale.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: I would say each major iteration cycle is less than two years. It will probably take about five years, maybe six, to reach a production volume of one million units per year.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: By that point, everyone on Earth can afford an android. Eventually, if we're sitting here in 30 years, what do you think the ratio of robots to humans will be on Earth?\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: I think the number of robots will vastly exceed the number of people, vastly exceed. You've got to admit, who wouldn't want a robot companion? Everyone would want a robot companion. Especially if it could take care of your dog, walk it, it could mow your lawn, look after your kids, even teach them.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: We could also send it to Mars, send a lot of robots to Mars, to do the work that needs to be done, help make Mars a habitable planet.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Mars is already a robot planet, there are lots of robots there, like rovers and helicopters.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003Cimg class=\"rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg\" data-imgfileid=\"100006672\" data-ratio=\"1\" data-s=\"300,640\" data-type=\"webp\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"\" src=\"./assets/17423802353460.6110202058218668.jpeg\">\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: Only robots.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Yes, Mars will be full of robots. I think the opportunity for humanoid robots is the biggest opportunity ever. Because if you assume... I think the ratio of humanoid robots to humans will be at least 2 to 1, maybe 3 to 1. Everyone will want a robot, and then there are all the robots that you don't see making goods and providing services.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: Do you think it will be a general-purpose robot that learns different tasks?\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Yes, after all, we humans are also general-purpose beings. We're just made of meat.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: Yes, we are \"meat\" general-purpose robots.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: I'm \"operating\" my meat robot. By the way, as we design Optimus, we are learning more and more about why humans have this form. For example, why we have five fingers, why the pinky is smaller than the index finger. Of course, we know why we have opposable thumbs, but we are also learning why the main muscles of the hand are actually in the forearm. The movement of our fingers is mainly controlled by the muscles in the forearm. Most of the strength in the fingers comes from the forearm; the fingers operate through tendons — which are like little strings. In the current design of Optimus's hands, the actuators are located in the hand, with only 11 degrees of freedom, so it cannot be as flexible as a human hand, which has about 25 degrees of freedom (depending on how you calculate it). And the hand lacks sufficient strength because the actuators must fit within the size constraints of the hand. A prototype for the next generation of Optimus hand design already exists, where the actuators are moved to the forearm, just like in humans, and the fingers are operated via cables. This next-generation hand design will have 22 degrees of freedom, and we believe this is enough to perform almost any task that a human can do.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Host: It's said that X and Tesla might collaborate to offer some services. My first reaction is, if you equip robots with Grok, they will have personalities and be able to handle voice, video, and images.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Elon: Yes.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style=\"display: none;\">\u003Cmp-style-type data-value=\"3\">\u003C/mp-style-type>\u003C/p>\u003C/div>",[257,266,274,281,290,298,306,315],{"id":258,"title_md5":259,"publish_date":260,"author_md5":261,"is_original":4,"collection":262,"summary_md5":263,"cover_url":264,"cover_url_1_1":265},391,"20b37e9bc4593beb027d025b68b80eb0","2023-10-17","bc27fa490c4d0d525bac812fc0793534","#AI Animation","9fa815c6e87b6caa12e87af134b04a3c","article_res/cover/83dc42e9806d1d6622e2f5141d9c34ad.jpeg","article_res/cover/351b6c2c111e7adf91e79ccfe5edf004.jpeg",{"id":267,"title_md5":268,"publish_date":269,"author_md5":270,"is_original":4,"collection":5,"summary_md5":271,"cover_url":272,"cover_url_1_1":273},549,"a2facca5fd6832e9581cd31dff0c0230","2022-05-07","8b3607d0f4181a3cb6ffdccf7185f09b","2f0b57ca9b630b0fb7dd10ded65a4baa","article_res/cover/1eea60ce387b2369e138dff8f0f787cb.jpeg","article_res/cover/eae5ec64a31f3e6e8547fd987fb9e861.jpeg",{"id":275,"title_md5":276,"publish_date":277,"author_md5":261,"is_original":23,"collection":262,"summary_md5":278,"cover_url":279,"cover_url_1_1":280},32,"8401f50aeb75b71ff26384c2c00033ff","2025-02-21","f903e827b0b2bb965cfdbd53a6ed36fd","article_res/cover/da576ee109e6dc9e4479e39bc1a9fb4d.jpeg","article_res/cover/32e26313ac3f35346f39972519afb5bb.jpeg",{"id":282,"title_md5":283,"publish_date":284,"author_md5":285,"is_original":4,"collection":286,"summary_md5":287,"cover_url":288,"cover_url_1_1":289},54,"217ac263b821191df70c913e7d74d94e","2025-01-30","8b408b85a59a084e65ee0ab1f8b139e0","#Leonis Capital #AI Trend #AI Prediction #The State of AI","43bbffd6b667317f41051c2826f96cef","article_res/cover/fa96fe293e6dede46027b06e31d24f13.jpeg","article_res/cover/c756c97a9143c733481a66b2281a0ecc.jpeg",{"id":291,"title_md5":292,"publish_date":293,"author_md5":261,"is_original":23,"collection":294,"summary_md5":295,"cover_url":296,"cover_url_1_1":297},72,"c0e468a36009f74c525c5dfe60e96dc1","2025-01-13","#AI 3D Generator","9dfcc7f12cfa5299c53519240255974b","article_res/cover/f728004944569a58319534725d131f9c.jpeg","article_res/cover/8bb880a3de057f8e3d6dd68edad65421.jpeg",{"id":299,"title_md5":300,"publish_date":301,"author_md5":261,"is_original":23,"collection":302,"summary_md5":303,"cover_url":304,"cover_url_1_1":305},154,"c27cffa0db17406c83253da2fa2191bc","2024-10-12","#Elon Musk","fb5a58148c7bf04e10efe44de20e05cf","article_res/cover/84b1f160638e6519ef9f914f15d619fc.jpeg","article_res/cover/07a8f102e977a19c82ac04e1e513a90c.jpeg",{"id":307,"title_md5":308,"publish_date":309,"author_md5":310,"is_original":4,"collection":311,"summary_md5":312,"cover_url":313,"cover_url_1_1":314},494,"5d3d36e14a770d14d93815d8342e074d","2023-03-31","9f3428c4d2d88afac6a16510d115e41c","#Stable Diffusion #AI Image Generator #AI Animation","0425328aca4c17b8e2d4488bc858f7ac","article_res/cover/2ed9abc93c2f7c0e03ed88eaf9ffdf45.jpeg","article_res/cover/bc44ad2ac95dcd39169b5baff3eca75e.jpeg",{"id":316,"title_md5":317,"publish_date":318,"author_md5":319,"is_original":4,"collection":320,"summary_md5":321,"cover_url":322,"cover_url_1_1":323},488,"dee757a03ca9116c7196733bf2a33184","2023-04-06","7d83126d7919a9a379875f1ec38011de","#Psychology","5e79c1ccd849e8e8991ee62e8e9b71e9","article_res/cover/619fd1fb8865eba85732953da8b42712.jpeg","article_res/cover/490f118eaa3025fb9d0d9d42e06108e5.jpeg",{"related":325,"small":366},[326,334,341,349,357],{"id":327,"publish_date":328,"is_original":23,"collection":329,"cover_url":330,"cover_url_1_1":331,"title":332,"summary":333,"author":28},243,"2024-06-17","#AI Avatar #Tencent","article_res/cover/18411086f214e950ca1ad80957d15d52.jpeg","article_res/cover/fa639bdf4a5ba7330027539519841b0c.jpeg","Two models from Tencent that make Avatars talk: V-Express and MuseTalk","V-Express aims to generate a talking head video under the control of a reference image and an audio.",{"id":335,"publish_date":336,"is_original":23,"collection":337,"cover_url":338,"cover_url_1_1":339,"title":340,"summary":5,"author":28},133,"2024-11-08","#AI Code Generator","article_res/cover/c919553e30cadce7fad37fe835f06439.jpeg","article_res/cover/454605e3395c7a89ab94f834888b9dfa.jpeg","Cursor - The AI Code Editor",{"id":342,"publish_date":343,"is_original":4,"collection":344,"cover_url":345,"cover_url_1_1":346,"title":347,"summary":348,"author":53},470,"2023-04-23","#LLM","article_res/cover/61de40f2a7f07fb960c35a4ca349a8c8.jpeg","article_res/cover/405a4b56362021d9b10a18979f215b8e.jpeg","【AIGC Learning】Obtain weather information - Use of LangChain 4","News organizations are already using databases and template-driven AI systems to produce weather forecasts and more - Reid",{"id":350,"publish_date":351,"is_original":23,"collection":352,"cover_url":353,"cover_url_1_1":354,"title":355,"summary":356,"author":28},262,"2024-05-28","#Google #Imagen3","article_res/cover/3fe335712c303d1908ea5f856858e907.jpeg","article_res/cover/b41734e00060ac4011afcb91fc23c02b.jpeg","Google's StyleDrop - Text-to-image generation with custom styles","StyleDrop: Text-To-Image Generation in Any Style",{"id":358,"publish_date":359,"is_original":4,"collection":360,"cover_url":361,"cover_url_1_1":362,"title":363,"summary":364,"author":365},167,"2024-09-27","#History of Intelligence #Neuroscience","article_res/cover/f02a6c714df40e27d49925fca276adde.jpeg","article_res/cover/fbd1293bad410b5df2c4b93c4aaee342.jpeg","【A Brief History of Intelligence】2. Steering (Bilaterally Symmetric Animals)","The market, like evolution, rewards three things above all else: things that are cheap, things that work, and things that are simple enough to be discovered first.","Notes on \"A Brief History of Intelligence\"",[367,373,379],{"title":10,"list":368},[369,370,371,372],{"id":96,"publish_date":97,"is_original":23,"collection":98,"cover_url":99,"cover_url_1_1":100,"title":101,"summary":102,"author":28},{"id":104,"publish_date":105,"is_original":23,"collection":106,"cover_url":107,"cover_url_1_1":108,"title":109,"summary":110,"author":28},{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},{"title":222,"list":374},[375,376,377,378],{"id":120,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":121,"cover_url":122,"cover_url_1_1":123,"title":124,"summary":125,"author":28},{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},{"id":227,"publish_date":228,"is_original":23,"collection":229,"cover_url":230,"cover_url_1_1":231,"title":232,"summary":233,"author":28},{"id":235,"publish_date":236,"is_original":23,"collection":73,"cover_url":237,"cover_url_1_1":238,"title":239,"summary":240,"author":28},{"title":242,"list":380},[],[8,9,10],[8,12,13,14,9,10,15,16,17,18],["Reactive",245],1754646413263]