[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":378},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fgukOamtKU1RtUiMFsqdObttmqPPQz0uc7bl_gj_LyX0":3,"$fKsOdQMDpmcVVl2Ugf5Up2bLkBl1MVq43T6MbILxEQM8":245,"article-211":377},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"",{"category":7,"tag":11,"popular":19,"latest":86,"banner":126,"list":151,"cache":244},[8,9,10],"Agent","OpenAI","LLM",[8,12,13,14,9,10,15,16,17,18],"Google","Nvidia","Claude","DeepSeek","OCR","Chat","Generator",[20,29,37,45,54,62,70,79],{"id":21,"publish_date":22,"is_original":23,"collection":5,"cover_url":24,"cover_url_1_1":25,"title":26,"summary":27,"author":28},411,"2023-09-10",1,"article_res/cover/451ef50c225a8dc61c4336506794d13b.jpeg","article_res/cover/3ba9dc7a72f87d40b20fc2d225289ee3.jpeg","Idealism","Reality is created by the mind, we can change our reality by changing our mind. - Plato","Renee's Entrepreneurial Journey",{"id":30,"publish_date":31,"is_original":23,"collection":32,"cover_url":33,"cover_url_1_1":34,"title":35,"summary":36,"author":28},108,"2024-12-07","#LLM #AGI #AI Agent","article_res/cover/0039044422e4ec9f61c18e8ee1693bb0.jpeg","article_res/cover/4220971b108a91d21407d87bb02fbaa6.jpeg","Freysa.ai: The World's First Adversarial AI Agent Game","说服 Freysa 把钱包里的钱都拿出来",{"id":38,"publish_date":39,"is_original":23,"collection":40,"cover_url":41,"cover_url_1_1":42,"title":43,"summary":44,"author":28},12,"2025-03-09","#Oxford #Reasoning #LLM #Tool Use","article_res/cover/d448e9b3617a0b5302e1bd10c438bca9.jpeg","article_res/cover/864a468f9cc4c9317efadb3811909888.jpeg","Agentic Reasoning Framework - Significantly enhance the reasoning ability of LLMs through the integration of external tools using agents","Agentic Reasoning: Reasoning LLMs with Tools for Deep Research",{"id":46,"publish_date":47,"is_original":4,"collection":48,"cover_url":49,"cover_url_1_1":50,"title":51,"summary":52,"author":53},480,"2023-04-14","#Stable Diffusion","article_res/cover/0bdbe7cb1de4a78e54536e5d9afa7ec9.jpeg","article_res/cover/b3d6ffec0608dcfaf18c5a69906d1490.jpeg","【AIGC Learning】Generate Prompts Using Word Graphs - Stable Diffusion Web UI Series 13","AI will become a powerful tool in education, transforming the way we learn and deliver instruction.  \n- Reid Hoffman","--",{"id":55,"publish_date":56,"is_original":4,"collection":57,"cover_url":58,"cover_url_1_1":59,"title":60,"summary":61,"author":28},413,"2023-09-08","#Neuroscience","article_res/cover/74f8302d78a23d9430f22171eae136b6.jpeg","article_res/cover/87ca08af81bb304746be5261160964c0.jpeg","Can machines be conscious?","Do we have an ethical obligation to not turn off conscious machines? Would turning them off be murder? No. I don't lose any sleep over unplugging a conscious machine.\n- Jeff Hawkins, \"A Thousand Brains\"",{"id":63,"publish_date":64,"is_original":23,"collection":65,"cover_url":66,"cover_url_1_1":67,"title":68,"summary":69,"author":28},178,"2024-09-09","#Entrepreneurship","article_res/cover/a7224f025b55d1820408085faef63079.jpeg","article_res/cover/11a9995b096cbf64465ef01b8673b154.jpeg","37signals company","This damn sense of relaxation",{"id":71,"publish_date":72,"is_original":4,"collection":73,"cover_url":74,"cover_url_1_1":75,"title":76,"summary":77,"author":78},460,"2023-05-12","#Google","article_res/cover/b970687b12faa52da976f91248c2aa7b.jpeg","article_res/cover/d1e71b52cfd2c63bc6e71f3e85ff135c.jpeg","Learn what BRC-20 and Ordinals are using Google Bard","Ordinals - a new protocol that allows users to store arbitrary data on the Bitcoin blockchain","Google Bard mainly writes",{"id":80,"publish_date":81,"is_original":23,"collection":5,"cover_url":82,"cover_url_1_1":83,"title":84,"summary":85,"author":28},309,"2024-03-26","article_res/cover/9877f95894ee88532d0e6012c23a2df3.jpeg","article_res/cover/20092164ddc109ce6ae56b1984246751.jpeg","Learning the Cancun Upgrade with lepton and perplexity","Building a quick conversation-based search demo with Lepton AI.",[87,95,103,111,119],{"id":88,"publish_date":89,"is_original":23,"collection":90,"cover_url":91,"cover_url_1_1":92,"title":93,"summary":94,"author":28},627,"2025-03-20","#AI Avatar #AI Video Generation","article_res/cover/d95481358f73924989f8c4ee9c75d1c8.jpeg","article_res/cover/b74bc0fab01f8b6a6aa87696c0c3ed8b.jpeg","DisPose: Generating Animated Videos by Driving Video with Reference Images","DisPose is a controllable human image animation method that enhances video generation.",{"id":96,"publish_date":97,"is_original":23,"collection":98,"cover_url":99,"cover_url_1_1":100,"title":101,"summary":102,"author":28},626,"2025-03-21","#Deep Dive into LLMs #LLM #RL #Andrej Karpathy #AlphaGo","article_res/cover/446553a5c8f8f2f07d97b20eaee84e56.jpeg","article_res/cover/e6c2823409c9b34624064b9acbaca6f1.jpeg","AlphaGo and the Power of Reinforcement Learning - Andrej Karpathy's Deep Dive on LLMs (Part 9)","Simply learning from humans will never surpass human capabilities.",{"id":104,"publish_date":105,"is_original":23,"collection":106,"cover_url":107,"cover_url_1_1":108,"title":109,"summary":110,"author":28},625,"2025-03-22","#Deep Dive into LLMs #LLM #RL #RLHF #Andrej Karpathy","article_res/cover/8da81d38b1e5cf558a164710fd8a5389.jpeg","article_res/cover/96f028d76c362a99a0dd56389e8f7a9b.jpeg","Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) - Andrej Karpathy's Deep Dive on LLMs (Part 10)","Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferences",{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},624,"2025-03-23","#Deep Dive into LLMs #LLM #Andrej Karpathy #AI Agent #MMM","article_res/cover/a5e7c3d48bb09109684d6513287c661d.jpeg","article_res/cover/d3f22b7c0ab8d82fd2da457a299e0773.jpeg","The Future of Large Language Models - Andrej Karpathy's In-Depth Explanation of LLM (Part 11)","preview of things to come",{"id":120,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":121,"cover_url":122,"cover_url_1_1":123,"title":124,"summary":125,"author":28},623,"#Google #Voe #AI Video Generation","article_res/cover/c44062fea0f336c2b96b3928292392c2.jpeg","article_res/cover/a041041c69092ad3db191c5bf3ff981b.jpeg","Trial of Google's video generation model VOE2","Our state-of-the-art video generation model",[127,135,143],{"id":128,"publish_date":129,"is_original":23,"collection":130,"cover_url":131,"cover_url_1_1":132,"title":133,"summary":134,"author":28},300,"2024-04-16","#AI in Science #AGI","article_res/cover/6bf01e793e0f33e848572412eebdf9b0.jpeg","article_res/cover/91a5ee21dafecb914fabeb9430d46ec1.jpeg","Would Einstein lose his job - AI and Quantum Computing: A Glimpse into the Near Future","So Einstein's job is still safe.",{"id":136,"publish_date":137,"is_original":23,"collection":138,"cover_url":139,"cover_url_1_1":140,"title":141,"summary":142,"author":28},101,"2024-12-14","#Nvidia #AI 3D Generator","article_res/cover/693e07c85980c5c0c8fde3f037733f23.jpeg","article_res/cover/9ea8edff2d5d303ff3fffff3f6f9c3d9.jpeg","NVIDIA's open-source 3D project LLaMA-Mesh","LLaMA-Mesh: Unifying 3D Mesh Generation with Language Models",{"id":144,"publish_date":145,"is_original":23,"collection":146,"cover_url":147,"cover_url_1_1":148,"title":149,"summary":150,"author":28},131,"2024-11-10","#OpenAI","article_res/cover/87f8ed353ce39f31960e7cdfaf075a35.jpeg","article_res/cover/f597a63935f5cd32e484b4aadd6019e8.jpeg","ChatGPT has launched the Search function","Get fast, timely answers with links to relevant web sources.",{"big":152,"small":214},[153,181],{"title":154,"list":155},"AGENT",[156,157,165,173],{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},{"id":158,"publish_date":159,"is_original":23,"collection":160,"cover_url":161,"cover_url_1_1":162,"title":163,"summary":164,"author":28},622,"2025-03-24","#OWL #AI Agent #MAS #MCP #CUA","article_res/cover/cb50ca7f2bf4d1ed50202d7406e1c19a.jpeg","article_res/cover/4aa7aa3badfacf3cc84121334f1050dd.jpeg","OWL: Multi-agent collaboration","OWL: Optimized Workforce Learning for General Multi-Agent Assistance in Real-World Task Automation",{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},620,"2025-03-26","#LLM #Google #Gemini #AI Agent","article_res/cover/53751a6dbbe990b1eb0b63f3b062aed4.jpeg","article_res/cover/031344981f0a212ff82d1f3a64aa5756.jpeg","Gemini 2.5 Pro, claimed to be far ahead of the competition, has been released with great fanfare: comprehensively surpassing other LLMs and topping the global rankings","Gemini 2.5: Our most intelligent AI model",{"id":174,"publish_date":175,"is_original":23,"collection":176,"cover_url":177,"cover_url_1_1":178,"title":179,"summary":180,"author":28},616,"2025-03-29","#MAS #AI Agent #AI Coder #MetaGPT #MGX","article_res/cover/9dcd702ad2035902e5e77967c34a1f1e.jpeg","article_res/cover/0a97fc4a922753c8f46ff38792020df8.jpeg","MGX - An automated website-building platform composed of multiple AI Agents","Your 24/7 AI Team | Dream, Chat, Create.",{"title":182,"list":183},"OPENAI",[184,191,199,206],{"id":185,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":186,"cover_url":187,"cover_url_1_1":188,"title":189,"summary":190,"author":28},619,"#OpenAI #AI Image Generator #4o #MMM #AR Transformer","article_res/cover/2faffc97fcecf3151552cb0fd3206d89.jpeg","article_res/cover/1133cb4948af44cee2e7fbe79efb69e5.jpeg","The native image function of GPT-4o is officially launched","Introducing 4o Image Generation",{"id":192,"publish_date":193,"is_original":4,"collection":194,"cover_url":195,"cover_url_1_1":196,"title":197,"summary":198,"author":28},434,"2023-07-15","#Anthropic #OpenAI #Google #AI Code Generator #Claude","article_res/cover/e1b6f600a2b9f262a4392684e5f2ce25.jpeg","article_res/cover/6e1772e83f78f9a351ab23d3e414adee.jpeg","Latest Updates on Google Bard /Anthropic Claude2 / ChatGPT Code Interpreter","We want our models to use their programming skills to provide more natural interfaces to the basic functions of our computers.  \n - OpenAI",{"id":200,"publish_date":201,"is_original":4,"collection":146,"cover_url":202,"cover_url_1_1":203,"title":204,"summary":205,"author":28},417,"2023-08-24","article_res/cover/bccf897d50a88b18364e35f7466387e0.jpeg","article_res/cover/2f871085c1073717c1703ae86e18056f.jpeg","The GPT-3.5 Turbo fine-tuning (fine-tuning function) has been released～","Developers can now bring their own data to customize GPT-3.5 Turbo for their use cases.",{"id":207,"publish_date":208,"is_original":4,"collection":209,"cover_url":210,"cover_url_1_1":211,"title":212,"summary":213,"author":28},407,"2023-09-22","#OpenAI #AI Image Generator","article_res/cover/c59005e903d35cfc32346e2756e2728a.jpeg","article_res/cover/ba011d265e6d84b5c8cb6fd6b757b6cc.jpeg","Dall-E 3","DALL·E 3 understands significantly more nuance and detail, allowing you to easily translate your ideas into images.",[215,221,241],{"title":10,"list":216},[217,218,219,220],{"id":96,"publish_date":97,"is_original":23,"collection":98,"cover_url":99,"cover_url_1_1":100,"title":101,"summary":102,"author":28},{"id":104,"publish_date":105,"is_original":23,"collection":106,"cover_url":107,"cover_url_1_1":108,"title":109,"summary":110,"author":28},{"id":112,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":114,"cover_url":115,"cover_url_1_1":116,"title":117,"summary":118,"author":28},{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},{"title":222,"list":223},"GOOGLE",[224,225,226,234],{"id":120,"publish_date":113,"is_original":23,"collection":121,"cover_url":122,"cover_url_1_1":123,"title":124,"summary":125,"author":28},{"id":166,"publish_date":167,"is_original":23,"collection":168,"cover_url":169,"cover_url_1_1":170,"title":171,"summary":172,"author":28},{"id":227,"publish_date":228,"is_original":23,"collection":229,"cover_url":230,"cover_url_1_1":231,"title":232,"summary":233,"author":28},615,"2025-03-30","#AI Researcher #AI Science #HKU #Google #AI Agent","article_res/cover/21fadf906067714bb0db31ae13a77c15.jpeg","article_res/cover/2697999a72bd26b22e85f0e92936d3ed.jpeg","AI-Researcher: LLM-driven全自动 scientific research assistant","AI-Researcher: Fully-Automated Scientific Discovery with LLM Agents  \nOpen-Sourced Alternative to Google AI Co-Scientist",{"id":235,"publish_date":236,"is_original":23,"collection":73,"cover_url":237,"cover_url_1_1":238,"title":239,"summary":240,"author":28},463,"2023-05-09","article_res/cover/89800f207723acdb55fc53bf999ebdc9.jpeg","article_res/cover/5764f369b4accd8f83e94aa4c077a175.jpeg","The Smallville sandbox world - A town with 25 virtual residents","Believable proxies of human behavior can empower interactive apps: Immersive environment, Rehearsal space, Prototyping tool",{"title":242,"list":243},"NVIDIA",[],true,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":246},{"id":247,"publish_date":248,"is_original":23,"collection":73,"articles_id":249,"cover_url":250,"cover_url_1_1":251,"title":252,"summary":253,"author":28,"content":254,"popular":255,"list":319,"category":375,"tag":376},211,"2024-07-24","8V7yZqrVd0bbob1cmy055g","article_res/cover/fa87e6dcb957bbb0d437e7c09bcc43fe.jpeg","article_res/cover/086da1de3c921afc38100d341ca6d7e6.jpeg","【Google's Latest Paper】Is it Possible that Life Was Created by Intelligent Beings?！","Physics happened a lot over a very long time, and it gave rise to some very complicated things.","\u003Cdiv class=\"rich_media_content js_underline_content\n                       autoTypeSetting24psection\n            \" id=\"js_content\">\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Last week (using chatGPT), I read a paper titled \"Google creates self-replicating life from digital 'primordial soup'\". Paper address: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.19108\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Both the field of origin of life and artificial life are exploring what life is and how it emerges from a series of \"pre-life\" dynamics. A common feature of most substrates for the emergence of life is that there is a significant change in dynamics when self-replication appears. Although there are some hypotheses about how self-replicators appeared in nature, we know very little about the general dynamics, computational principles, and necessary conditions for the appearance of self-replicators. This is particularly evident in \"computational substrates,\" as interactions on these substrates involve logic, mathematics, or programming rules.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>In this article, the authors take a step toward understanding how self-replicators emerge by studying several computational substrates based on various simple programming languages and machine instruction sets. The study shows that when random, non-self-replicating programs are placed in an environment lacking any explicit fitness landscape, self-replicators tend to appear. The research demonstrates how this phenomenon occurs through random interactions and self-modification, and this phenomenon can occur with or without background random mutations. The authors also show how increasingly complex dynamics continue to emerge after the appearance of self-replicators. Finally, the study presents a counterexample of a minimalist programming language where self-replicators are possible but have not yet been observed to appear.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>This experiment shows that self-replicating forms of artificial life can emerge in a digital \"primordial soup\" without rules or direction, which may imply the origin of biological life on Earth. I consulted my most cherished teacher Gou about the significance of this experiment, and he said: \"This experiment corresponds to a hypothesis of the origin of life, indicating that life might be created by intelligent beings. Although we still believe that life is produced through evolution, it is now difficult to make a definitive judgment.\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003Cimg class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-imgfileid=\"100006073\" data-ratio=\"0.6666666666666666\" data-s=\"300,640\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"\" src=\"./assets/17423803177470.4629171201813045.png\">\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 style='margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);cursor: pointer;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>\u003Cspan style=\"cursor: pointer;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;letter-spacing: 0em;font-weight: bold;display: block;\">Life in the Digital Primordial Soup\u003C/span>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Google has demonstrated that virtual life forms can emerge from randomness without any rules or direction, hinting at the process of the origin of biological life on Earth. Matthew Sparkes pointed out that despite the lack of explicit rules or goals to encourage such behavior, artificial life forms still randomly emerged from the digital \"primordial soup\". Researchers believe that more complex versions of the experiment might produce more advanced digital organisms, and if achieved, these findings will help understand the mechanism of the emergence of biological life on Earth.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Although the evolutionary process has been well understood, little is known about how inert molecules first combined to form life. To study how simple starting points can lead to complex outcomes, Ben Laurie of Google and his colleagues designed an experiment in which tens of thousands of independent snippets of computer code were randomly mixed, combined, and executed their instructions over millions of generations. Since there were no rules controlling how the code samples varied, nor rewards for specific behaviors, researchers expected the population—limited to a fixed number—would remain random and not produce any coherent behavior. However, to their surprise, the simulation eventually led to the emergence of self-replicating programs, which quickly reproduced and reached the population limit. Eventually, new types of replicators appeared, competing for space and occasionally overwhelming and replacing previous populations, just like biological organisms competing with each other.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>This study was not the first attempt to simulate life in the digital world: for example, simulations like the Game of Life have shown self-replicating behavior in cellular grids under simple rules. Laurie pointed out that the uniqueness of this work lies in the fact that the system had no formal rules, goals, or processes to encourage or initiate artificial life—they simply naturally appeared. \"Everything was churning, and then suddenly: bang, they're all the same,\" he said.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Laurie indicated that these experiments might not tell us the exact details of how biological life began, but they reveal the intrinsic mechanisms of creating complexity from nothing. He believed that complex biological life was merely the result of similar long random iterations. \"I don't think anything magical happened,\" he said. \"Physical phenomena occurred, and they occurred for a long time, producing something very complex.\" However, life on Earth only appeared after \"billions of years of massive parallel experiments,\" Laurie said, although he thought that if the team's system were expanded in scale and duration, greater complexity might arise, we would soon encounter the limitations of current computers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>\"My intuition is that if you want more interesting behaviors, such as competition or war between species, or the complication allowing environmental perception—these will ultimately appear—but the amount of computation required will be enormous, beyond what we can currently achieve,\" Laurie said.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3 style='margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);cursor: pointer;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>\u003C/h3>\u003Ch3 style='margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);cursor: pointer;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>\u003Cspan style=\"cursor: pointer;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;letter-spacing: 0em;font-weight: bold;display: block;\">Ecosystem of Self-Replicators on Z80 CPU\u003C/span>\u003C/h3>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>In an ecosystem of self-replicators generated by the Z80 CPU on a 2D grid, each 4x4 pixel group corresponds to a 16-byte program. In each simulation step, a pair of adjacent cells is randomly selected, connected, and executed for 256 steps by the Z80 emulator. We observed the emergence of several generations of self-replicators. First, waves of stack-based self-replicators swept across the grid, forming an \"ecosystem\" of several coexisting variants. Subsequently, the grid was occupied by more robust self-replicators using memory copy instructions. Colors correspond to several of the most popular instruction codes used by the self-replicators:\u003C/p>\u003Cul style='margin-top: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;cursor: pointer;padding-left: 25px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);' class=\"list-paddingleft-1\">\u003Cli style=\"cursor: pointer;\">\u003Csection style=\"cursor: pointer;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;color: rgb(1, 1, 1);line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: 0em;\">- Memory Copy\u003C/section>\u003C/li>\u003Cli style=\"cursor: pointer;\">\u003Csection style=\"cursor: pointer;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;color: rgb(1, 1, 1);line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: 0em;\">- Push 16 bits (stored in H and L registers) onto the stack\u003C/section>\u003C/li>\u003Cli style=\"cursor: pointer;\">\u003Csection style=\"cursor: pointer;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;color: rgb(1, 1, 1);line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: 0em;\">- Set HL register to immediate or indirect value\u003C/section>\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>This simulation demonstrates the role of different instruction sets in the formation and evolution of self-replicators, revealing the mechanisms by which life forms may appear on computational substrates.\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='cursor: pointer;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;letter-spacing: 0em;font-weight: bold;display: block;margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-align: left;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>\u003Cspan style='cursor: pointer;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;letter-spacing: 0em;font-weight: bold;display: block;margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-align: left;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>A Great Achievement\u003C/span>\u003C/p>\u003Csection>\u003Cdiv style=\"height: 508px; background: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 4px; overflow: hidden; margin-bottom: 12px;\">\u003Cvideo src=\"./assets/17423803175690.571374837452665.mp4\" poster=\"./assets/17423803174520.6453217480468061.jpeg\" controls=\"\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 100%;\">\u003C/video>\u003C/div>\u003C/section>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>In fact, many of the team's experiments ran for millions of steps before showing organized behavior. Laurie stated that one instance running on his laptop processed about 3 billion instructions per second, but it still took about half an hour for self-replication to appear. Susan Stepney of the University of York described this work as fascinating. \"The evolution of self-replicating programs from a random start is a great achievement,\" she said. \"It is undoubtedly an important step in understanding the underlying pathways of the origin of life, albeit in a medium quite different from biological standard 'wetware'.\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Richard Watson of the University of Southampton found these results \"very cool,\" but pointed out that they are unlikely to automatically lead to increasingly complex behaviors. \"The complexity they measure increased after the appearance of self-replicators. But it is unclear whether it will 'take off' in an interesting way,\" he said. \"Self-replication is important, but thinking of it as a panacea, from which all exciting life characteristics will automatically emerge, is wrong.\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>Raquel Nunes Palmeira of University College London is also skeptical about whether this work reveals the origin of life on Earth. She compared it to classic experiments where RNA chains replicate in test tubes, resulting in shorter RNA lengths and faster replication speeds. She said that a very simple form of natural selection rewards a lack of complexity rather than encouraging greater complexity, which is entirely opposite to what is needed to explain the origin of complex life. \"Having infinite replicas does not guarantee complexity,\" Nunes Palmeira said. \"If you have something that just self-replicates and is faster than everything else, then you will end up with a system completely dominated by it.\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp style='margin-bottom: 0px;cursor: pointer;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.8em;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: left;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;font-family: Optima, \"Microsoft YaHei\", PingFangSC-regular, serif;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'>In contrast, life involves multiple interacting components, including DNA, RNA, proteins, etc. She said: \"It is a very complex system, and I think that just by studying self-replication, we are not closer to understanding how it arose from nothing.\"\u003C/p>\u003Cp style=\"display: none;\">\u003Cmp-style-type 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